Phrasal Verbs

Phrasal Verbs

Los phrasal verbs, son verbos compuestos, que consisten en un verbo + un adverbio ó en un verbo + una preposición. Siempre se ha dicho que para hacer un uso fluido de los phrasal verbs, tienes que ser nativo inglés parlante . Pero entendiéndolos bien, y por supuesto estudiando, no es tan complicado el uso de ellos. Así que desmitificamos que su uso es "sólo" para nativos.

Para lograr aprenderlos de forma fácil, lo mejor es usarlos con naturalidad en frases cotidianas como lo harías con cualquier otro vocablo. Un error común es el intentar memorizarlos todos, sin comprender bien sus uso. Luego cuesta mucho usarlos en frases.

Además de aprender su significado, es necesario aprender a utilizar los phrasal verbs o verbos compuestos correctamente

.

Hay que diferenciar bien los diferentes tipos de phrasal verbs. Hay algunos, que necesitan un objeto directo ( alguien / algo ), mientras que otros no lo hacen. Hay pharsal verbs, que pueden ser separados por el objeto, mientras que otros no pueden.

Pequeño resumen de cómo pueden ser y comportarse.

1. El verbo acompañado de una preposición o adverbio, los cuales crean un significado diferente al verbo original.

Ejemplo:

I RAN INTO your mum at the market last afternoon. RUN + INTO = MEET

Jon RAN AWAY when he was just 17. RUN + AWAY = LEAVE HOME

2. Algunos pharsal verbs son intransitivos. Éstos, no pueden ir acompañados de un objeto.

Ejemplo:

She suddenly SHOWED UP. SHOW UP. No puede ir acompañado por un objeto.

3. Los verbos transitivos, pueden ir acompañados por un objeto.

Ejemplo:

We MADE UP the comic. Comic, es el objeto the MAKE UP

4. En algunos phrasal verbs, el objeto puede ir entre el verbo y la preposición.

Ejemplo:

She LOOKED the phone number UP

5. Hay excepciones en los que el phrasal verb transitivos, no se puede separar, y el objeto tiene que ir detrás de la preposición.

Ejemplo:

Allen MADE UP FOR being late by getting me a present.

6. Algunos phrasal verbs pueden llevar el objeto / nombre, bien entre el verbo y la preposición o adverbio, o detrás. Admiten las dos opciones.

Ejemplo:

Give me 10 minutes to MAKE my face UP.

Give me 10 minutes to MAKE UP my face.

EXCEPCIÓN punto 6.

Aunque hay phrasal verbs que permiten que el objeto vaya en ambas posiciones, hay que poner el objeto entre el verbo y la preposición, si éste es un pronombre.

Ejemplo:

I LOOKED the number UP in the phone book.
I LOOKED UP the number in the phone book.
I LOOKED it UP in the phone book. Correcto
I LOOKED UP it in the phone book. Incorrecto

Ahora sólo os queda poneros a estudiara y a practicar para poder mejorar vuestro inglés de una forma natural.

Os dejamos el listado de los Phrasal Verbs.

Phrasal Verb	Significado
ask someone out	invite on a date
ask around	ask many people the same question
add up to something	equal
back something up	reverse
back someone up	support
blow up	explode
blow something up	add air
break down	stop functioning (vehicle, machine)
break down	get upset
break somethingdown	divide into smaller parts
break in	force entry to a building
break into something	enter forcibly
break something in	wear something a few times so that it doesn't look/feel new
break in	interrupt
break up	end a relationship
break up	start laughing (informal)
break out	escape
break out insomething	develop a skin condition
bring someone down	make unhappy
bring someone up	raise a child
bring something up	start talking about a subject
bring something up	vomit
call around	phone many different places/people
call someone back	return a phone call
call something off	cancel
call on someone	ask for an answer or opinion
call on someone	visit someone
call someone up	phone
calm down	relax after being angry
not care forsomeone/something	not like (formal)
catch up	get to the same point as someone else
check in	arrive and register at a hotel or airport
check out	leave a hotel
checksomeone/somethingout	look at carefully, investigate
check outsomeone/something	look at (informal)
cheer up	become happier
cheer someone up	make happier
chip in	help
clean something up	tidy, clean
come acrosssomething	find unexpectedly
come apart	separate
come down withsomething	become sick
come forward	volunteer for a task or to give evidence
come fromsomewhere	originate in
count onsomeone/something	rely on
cross something out	draw a line through
cut back onsomething	consume less
cut something down	make something fall to the ground
cut in	interrupt
cut in	pull in too closely in front of another vehicle
cut in	start operating (of an engine or electrical device)
cut something off	remove with something sharp
cut something off	stop providing
cut someone off	take out of a will
cut something out	remove part of something (usually with scissors and paper)
dosomeone/somethingover	beat up, ransack (Br.E., informal)
do something over	do again (N.Amer.)
do away withsomething	discard
do something up	fasten, close
dress up	wear nice clothing
drop back	move back in a position/group
drop in/by/over	come without an appointment
dropsomeone/somethingoff	take someone/something somewhere and leave them/it there
drop out	quit a class, school etc
eat out	eat at a restaurant
end up	eventually reach/do/decide
fall apart	break into pieces
fall down	fall to the ground
fall out	separate from an interior
fall out	(of hair, teeth) become loose and unattached
figure something out	understand, find the answer
fill something in	to write information in blanks (Br.E.)
fill something out	to write information in blanks (N.Amer.)
fill something up	fill to the top
find out	discover
find something out	discover
get somethingacross/over	communicate, make understandable
get along/on	like each other
get around	have mobility
get away	go on a vacation
get away withsomething	do without being noticed or punished
get back	return
get something back	receive something you had before
get back at someone	retaliate, take revenge
get back intosomething	become interested in something again
get on something	step onto a vehicle
get over something	recover from an illness, loss, difficulty
get over something	overcome a problem
get round tosomething	finally find time to do (N.Amer.:get around to something)
get together	meet (usually for social reasons)
get up	get out of bed
get up	stand
give someone away	reveal hidden information about someone
give someone away	take the bride to the altar
give something away	ruin a secret
give something away	give something to someone for free
give something back	return a borrowed item
give in	reluctantly stop fighting or arguing
give something out	give to many people (usually at no cost)
give something up	quit a habit
give up	stop trying
go after someone	follow someone
go after something	try to achieve something
go against someone	compete, oppose
go ahead	start, proceed
go back	return to a place
go out	leave home to go on a social event
go out with someone	date
go over something	review
go over	visit someone nearby
go without something	suffer lack or deprivation
grow apart	stop being friends over time
grow back	regrow
grow up	become an adult
grow out ofsomething	get too big for
grow into something	grow big enough to fit
hand something down	give something used to someone else
hand something in	submit
hand something out	to distribute to a group of people
hand something over	give (usually unwillingly)
hang in	stay positive (N.Amer., informal)
hang on	wait a short time (informal)
hang out	spend time relaxing (informal)
hang up	end a phone call
holdsomeone/somethingback	prevent from doing/going
hold something back	hide an emotion
hold on	wait a short time
hold ontosomeone/something	hold firmly using your hands or arms
holdsomeone/somethingup	rob
keep on doingsomething	continue doing
keep something fromsomeone	not tell
keepsomeone/somethingout	stop from entering
keep something up	continue at the same rate
let someone down	fail to support or help, disappoint
let someone in	allow to enter
look aftersomeone/something	take care of
look down onsomeone	think less of, consider inferior
look forsomeone/something	try to find
look forward tosomething	be excited about the future
look into something	investigate
look out	be careful, vigilant, and take notice
look out forsomeone/something	be especially vigilant for
look something over	check, examine
look something up	search and find information in a reference book or database
look up to someone	have a lot of respect for
make something up	invent, lie about something
make up	forgive each other
make someone up	apply cosmetics to
mix something up	confuse two or more things
pass away	die
pass out	faint
pass something out	give the same thing to many people
pass something up	decline (usually something good)
pay someone back	return owed money
pay for something	be punished for doing something bad
pick something out	choose
pointsomeone/somethingout	indicate with your finger
put something down	put what you are holding on a surface or floor
put someone down	insult, make someone feel stupid
put something off	postpone
put something out	extinguish
put somethingtogether	assemble
put up withsomeone/something	tolerate
put something on	put clothing/accessories on your body
run intosomeone/something	meet unexpectedly
run oversomeone/something	drive a vehicle over a person or thing
run over/throughsomething	rehearse, review
run away	leave unexpectedly, escape
run out	have none left
send something back	return (usually by mail)
set something up	arrange, organize
set someone up	trick, trap
shop around	compare prices
show off	act extra special for people watching (usually boastfully)
sleep over	stay somewhere for the night (informal)
sort something out	organize, resolve a problem
stick to something	continue doing something, limit yourself to one particular thing
switch something off	stop the energy flow, turn off
switch something on	start the energy flow, turn on
take after someone	resemble a family member
take something apart	purposely break into pieces
take something back	return an item
take off	start to fly
take something off	remove something (usually clothing)
take something out	remove from a place or thing
take someone out	pay for someone to go somewhere with you
tear something up	rip into pieces
think back	remember (often + to, sometimes + on)
think something over	consider
throw somethingaway	dispose of
turn something down	decrease the volume or strength (heat, light etc)
turn something down	refuse
turn something off	stop the energy flow, switch off
turn something on	start the energy, switch on
turn something up	increase the volume or strength (heat, light etc)
turn up	appear suddenly
try something on	sample clothing
try something out	test
use something up	finish the supply
wake up	stop sleeping
warmsomeone/somethingup	increase the temperature
warm up	prepare body for exercise
wear off	fade away
work out	exercise
work out	be successful
work something out	make a calculation